Individual and school correlates of body mass index and cardiorespiratory fitness in primary school children from the REACT project: A multivariate multilevel analysis.

OBJECTIVE: This paper examines the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) using a multivariate multilevel approach and investigates the links between individual and school-related correlates with children's BMI and CRF. METHODS: This cross-sectional sample included 1014 children (6-10 years) from 25 Portuguese primary schools. BMI was calculated, and CRF was assessed with the PACER test. Fundamental movement skills (FMS) included five object control tasks. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), sleep, and sedentary time were assessed with the ActiGraph wGT3X-BT accelerometer. Socioeconomic status (SES) and school variables were also obtained. A multivariate multilevel model was used, and alpha was set at 5%. RESULTS: BMI and CRF systematically increased with age. Most of the joint variance (94.4%) was explained at the child level, and BMI and CRF were correlated at this level (ρ = -.37). More active children demonstrated higher CRF levels and had lower BMI levels; sedentary and sleep time were not significantly associated with BMI or CRF. FMS were positively associated with CRF but were not significantly associated with BMI. Children at higher SES were more fit and had lower BMI than their peers of lower SES. Finally, school-level variables were not significantly related to BMI and CRF. CONCLUSION: BMI and CRF had a low but statistically significant negative correlation in this sample of children. Most of the variation in BMI and CRF was explained by child-level characteristics.

Association between spirituality/religiousness and quality of life among healthy adults: a systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is determined by multiple factors that include components such as spirituality and religiousness (S/R). Even though various systematic reviews have investigated the association between S/R and improved health outcomes in the most different groups, healthy young individuals are seldom addressed. OBJECTIVE: To assess the association between S/R and HRQoL among young, healthy individuals. METHODS: Systematic review of papers published in the last ten years and indexed in four academic research databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Scopus) and two gray literature databases. Inclusion criteria were studies assessing S/R and HRQoL using validated instruments and assessing healthy adults (i.e., non-clinical patients, not belonging to any specific group of chronic diseases), aged between 18 and 64 years old. RESULTS: Ten out of 1,952 studies met the inclusion criteria: nine cross-sectional and one longitudinal cohort study, in which 89% of the participants were college students. Nine studies report a positive association between S/R and HRQoL, while one study did not report any significant association. The main HRQoL domains associated with S/R were the psychological, social relationships, and environment domains, while the S/R most influent facets/components were optimism, inner strength, peace, high control, hope, and happiness. CONCLUSIONS: Higher S/R levels among healthy adult individuals were associated with higher HRQoL levels, suggesting the S/R can be an important strategy to deal with adverse environmental situations even among those without chronic diseases, enhancing the wellbeing of individuals. Registration of systematic review: PROSPERO-CRD42018104047.

Sinonasal inverted papilloma: rate of recurrence and malignant transformation in 44 operated patients / Papiloma invertido nasossinusal: taxa de recorrência e transformação maligna em 44 pacientes operados

Abstract Introduction: Although sinonasal inverted papillomas are benign lesions, they are locally aggressive and have a potential malignant transformation ranging from 5% to 15%, with a high recurrence rate. Objective: The aim of this article is to describe the rate of recurrence and malignant transformation in patients with a diagnosis of inverted papilloma who underwent surgery in a tertiary hospital in São Paulo. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of patients diagnosed with sinonasal papilloma who had undergone surgery in a tertiary hospital in São Paulo, between August 1998 and August 2017. A patient chart review was conducted to assess data of patients' demographics, tumors characteristics, follow-up appointments, recurrence and malignancy. Inverted papillomas were analyzed and classified under the Krouse staging system. Results: A total of 69 surgeries were performed in patients with diagnosis of sinonasal papilloma. Inverted papilloma was the most prevalent subtype (49 cases ‒ 80.33%), followed by exophytic papilloma (6 cases ‒ 9.84%) and by oncocytic papilloma (6 cases - 9.84%). The recurrence rate was 34.09% for inverted papilloma (15/44) and the mean time of recurrence was 24.6 months. Malignant transformation occurred in 6 patients (13.64%). Three of these patients presented carcinoma in the first surgery and three patients developed carcinoma during the follow-up. Conclusion: The high recurrence rate and malignancy potential allow us to consider inverted papillomas as aggressive tumors. In a tertiary hospital in São Paulo the recurrence rate the mean time to recurrence is 24.6 months. The recurrence after 10 years implies was 34.09% and the need for long-term follow up. It is possible that the high recurrence rate and the high malignant transformation rate we found are due to the large number of tumors discovered at an advanced stage (most of them staged T3 and T4), secondary to poor access to health system, in developing countries.

Resumo Introdução: Embora os papilomas invertidos nasossinusais sejam lesões benignas, eles são localmente agressivos e apresentam uma potencial transformação maligna que varia de 5% a 15%, com alta taxa de recorrência. Objetivo: Descrever a taxa de recorrência e transformação maligna em pacientes com diagnóstico de papiloma invertido submetidos à cirurgia em um hospital terciário em São Paulo. Método: Análise retrospectiva dos pacientes diagnosticados com papiloma nasossinusal submetidos a cirurgia em um hospital terciário em São Paulo, entre agosto de 1998 e agosto de 2017. Uma revisão de prontuários dos pacientes foi realizada para avaliar dados demográficos, características dos tumores, consultas de seguimento, recorrência e malignidade. Os papilomas invertidos foram analisados e classificados de acordo com o sistema de estadiamento de Krouse. Resultados: Foram realizadas 69 cirurgias em pacientes com diagnóstico de papiloma nasossinusal. O papiloma invertido foi o subtipo mais prevalente (49 casos - 80,33%), seguido pelo papiloma exofítico (6 casos - 9,84%) e pelo papiloma oncocítico (6 casos - 9,84%). A taxa de recidiva foi de 34,09% para o papiloma invertido (15/44) e o tempo médio de recorrência foi de 24,6 meses. Transformação maligna ocorreu em seis pacientes (13,64%); três desses pacientes apresentaram carcinoma na primeira cirurgia e três pacientes desenvolveram carcinoma durante o seguimento. Conclusão: A alta taxa de recorrência e o potencial de malignidade nos permitem considerar os papilomas invertidos como tumores agressivos. Em um hospital terciário de São Paulo, a taxa de recorrência foi de 34,09% e o tempo médio de recorrência de 24,6 meses. A recorrência após 10 anos implica na necessidade de acompanhamento a longo prazo. É possível que a alta taxa de recorrência e a alta taxa de transformação maligna que encontramos sejam devidas à grande extensão dos tumores (a maioria deles nos estágios T3 e T4), decorrente do acesso precário ao sistema de saúde nos países em desenvolvimento.

Sinonasal inverted papilloma: rate of recurrence and malignant transformation in 44 operated patients.

INTRODUCTION: Although sinonasal inverted papillomas are benign lesions, they are locally aggressive and have a potential malignant transformation ranging from 5% to 15%, with a high recurrence rate. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this article is to describe the rate of recurrence and malignant transformation in patients with a diagnosis of inverted papilloma who underwent surgery in a tertiary hospital in São Paulo. METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis of patients diagnosed with sinonasal papilloma who had undergone surgery in a tertiary hospital in São Paulo, between August 1998 and August 2017. A patient chart review was conducted to assess data of patients' demographics, tumors characteristics, follow-up appointments, recurrence and malignancy. Inverted papillomas were analyzed and classified under the Krouse staging system. RESULTS: A total of 69 surgeries were performed in patients with diagnosis of sinonasal papilloma. Inverted papilloma was the most prevalent subtype (49 cases ‒ 80.33%), followed by exophytic papilloma (6 cases ‒ 9.84%) and by oncocytic papilloma (6 cases - 9.84%). The recurrence rate was 34.09% for inverted papilloma (15/44) and the mean time of recurrence was 24.6 months. Malignant transformation occurred in 6 patients (13.64%). Three of these patients presented carcinoma in the first surgery and three patients developed carcinoma during the follow-up. CONCLUSION: The high recurrence rate and malignancy potential allow us to consider inverted papillomas as aggressive tumors. In a tertiary hospital in São Paulo the recurrence rate the mean time to recurrence is 24.6 months. The recurrence after 10 years implies was 34.09% and the need for long-term follow up. It is possible that the high recurrence rate and the high malignant transformation rate we found are due to the large number of tumors discovered at an advanced stage (most of them staged T3 and T4), secondary to poor access to health system, in developing countries.

Formação de professores da educação básica para a captação de doadores de sangue do futuro / Training of basic education teachers for the capture of blood donors of the future

Objetivo: relatar uma experiência sobre a realização de ações para a formação de professores para a captação de doadores do futuro em escolas públicas do município de Tucuruí, Pará. Método: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, do tipo relato de experiência oriundo da realização de um projeto de extensão universitária interdisciplinar e intersetorial desenvolvido pela Universidade do Estado do Pará em parceria com o serviço de saúde de média complexidade Fundação Centro de Hemoterapia e Hematologia do Pará, o qual consistiu na realização de ações alusivas a formação de professores para a captação de doadores do futuro em escolas públicas da educação básica. Resultados: a experiência aconteceu emetapas: 1) revisão de literatura para aprofundamento acerca da problemática e aquisição de conhecimentos sobre soluções; 2) planejamento e organização de materiais e atividadese 3) execução das ações. As temáticas abordadas durante as formações foram: contexto histórico da doação sanguínea, conceituação e importância da transfusão sanguínea, dados estatísticos sobre doação, funcionamento de um hemocentro e etapas de uma doação, mitose verdades sobre a doação. Considerações Finais: a experiência conseguiu despertar interesse nos professores pelo tema, portanto, conclui-se que os alunos também serão agraciados com o conhecimento, vindo a tornarem-se possíveisdoadores.

Objective: to report an experience on the performance of actions for teacher training to raise future donors in public schools in the city of Tucuruí, Pará. Method:This is a descriptive study, of the type of experience report derived from the realization of an interdisciplinary and intersectoral university extension project developed by the State University of Pará in partnership with themedium complexity health service Foundation of Hemotherapy and Hematology Center of Pará, which consisted of actions alusive to the training of teachers to capture donors of the future in public schools of basic education. Results:the experience took place in stages: 1) literature review to deepen the problem and acquisition of knowledge about solutions; 2) planning and organization of materials and activities and 3) execution of actions. The themes addressed during the training were: historical context of blood donation, conceptualization and importance of blood transfusion, statistical data on donation, functioning of a hemocenterand stages of a donation, myths and truths about donation. Final Considerations:the experience managed to arouse interest inteachers by the theme, therefore, it is concluded that students will also be awarded with knowledge, becoming possible donors.

Ação inibitória de dentifrícios sobre Streptococcus mutans e Candida albicans: estudo in vitro / Inhibitory effect of dentifrices on Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans: in vitro study

Introdução: este estudo avaliou a ação antimicrobiana de sete dentifrícios nacionais com ação antiplaca ou antimicrobiana, conforme os fabricantes, sobre os patógenos orais Streptococcus mutans e Candida albicans. Métodos: a avaliação dos dentifrícios foi realizada pelo teste de difusão em ágar. Placas de Petri com meios de cultura ágar cérebro coração e ágar Sabourad foram semeadas com suspensão microbiana padronizada de S. mutans e C. albicans. Poços foram confeccionados no ágar semeado e preenchidos com as soluções dos dentifrícios diluídas em 1:1, 1:2, 1:4 e 1:8, além dos controles positivo (solução de clorexidina 2%) e negativo (dentifrício sem princípios ativos). Após incubação por 48h/37°C, os halos de inibição do crescimento microbiano foram medidos com paquímetro e régua milimetrada, e os resultados finais dos halos obtidos em milímetros. Resultados e conclusão: verificou-se que todos os dentifrícios, na diluição de 1:1, foram efetivos sobre C. albicans e S. mutans, exceto o composto de bicarbonato de sódio e extratos vegetais, o qual não inibiu S. mutans. Na diluição de 1:2, somente o dentifrício contendo triclosan inibiu C. albicans, enquanto todos mostraram algum potencial de inibição ao S. mutans. Nas demais diluições, não foram observados halos de inibição de ambos os microrganismos. A C. albicans demonstrou ser mais resistente à ação inibitória dos antimicrobianos dos dentifrícios testados neste estudo. S. mutans demonstrou ser mais sensível à ação dos dentifrícios, no entanto, a diluição durante a escovação dentária reduz a ação inibitória esperada, indicando a importância da remoção mecânica do biofilme.(AU)

Introduction: this study analyzed the antimicrobial activity in seven national dentifrices with antiplaque or antimicrobial substances in their composition, according the manufacturer, on the oral pathogens Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans. Methods: the dentifrices antimicrobial effect evaluation was carried out by agar diffusion test. S. mutans and C. albicans. Padronized microbial suspension was cultured on Petri dishes containing Brain Hearth Agar and Sabourad Agar, respectively. Wells were prepared in the cultured agar and filled with 1:1, 1:2, 1:4 and 1:8 dilutions of dentifrice solutions, and besides positive (2% chlorhexidine solutions) and negative controls (dentifrices without active ingredients). After 48h/37°C incubation, the microbial growing inhibition zones were measured with a paquimeter and a millimeter rule, being the final zone results obtained in millimeters. Results and conclusion: on 1:1 dilution, all dentifrices were effective on C. albicans and S. mutans, except one with vegetal extract and sodium bicarbonate composition, which did not inhibit S. mutans. In 1:2 dilution, only tricolsan-containing dentifrice inhibited C. albicans, while all dentifrices presented some inhibition potential on S. mutans. There were no inhibition zones for both microorganims in other dilutions. We concluded that C. albicans showed to be more resistant to antimicrobial agents tested in the dentifrices, in this study. S. mutans showed to be more sensitive to tested dentifrices, however, the product dilution during toothbrushing reduces the expected inhibitory action, strengthening the importance of the mechanical removal of dental biofilm.(AU)

Granular cell tumor in female neonate: a case report / Tumor de células granulares em neonato do sexo feminino: relato de caso

ABSTRACT The granular cell tumor (GCT) is a neoplasm of connective tissue which rarely occurs in children. This case report aims to describe and discuss the presentation of this tumor in a female neonate. Compared to previous literature, the case report demonstrated a rare form of presentation of this tumor in an unusual age group.

RESUMEN O tumor de células granulares (TCG) é uma neoplasia de tecido conjuntivo que ocorre raramente em crianças. Este relato de caso descreve e discute a apresentação desse tumor em um neonato do sexo feminino. Em comparação com estudos anteriores, o caso reportado demonstrou uma forma rara de apresentação em uma faixa etária não usual.

RESUMO O tumor de células granulares (TCG) é uma neoplasia de tecido conjuntivo que ocorre raramente em crianças. Este relato de caso descreve e discute a apresentação desse tumor em um neonato do sexo feminino. Em comparação com estudos anteriores, o caso reportado demonstrou uma forma rara de apresentação em uma faixa etária não usual.

[Archival documents produced by scientific work: an analysis of laboratory notebooks from the Instituto Oswaldo Cruz]. / Documentos de arquivo produzidos pela atividade científica: uma análise dos cadernos de laboratório do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz.

Analisa o caderno de laboratório, espécie documental produzida a partir dos registros da atividade científica, e seus diferentes tipos, bem como seu uso e seus formatos na pesquisa biomédica. A reflexão se apoia na pesquisa em andamento sobre os documentos dos laboratórios do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz e na relação destes com os conceitos, métodos, técnicas e práticas da arquivologia. A metodologia compreendeu, além de pesquisa bibliográfica, a aplicação de questionário, entrevistas e diagnóstico dos arquivos, nos quais se buscou identificar a gênese documental, as espécies/tipologias presentes e as práticas de manutenção e uso dos registros provenientes de 15 laboratórios. Discute ainda o caderno aberto de laboratório, formato disseminado no âmbito do debate contemporâneo da ciência aberta.

Design Guidelines for Feedforward Cancellation of the Occlusion-Effect in Hearing Aids.

The occlusion-effect is described as an unsatisfactory quality of the hearing-aid user's own voice that sounds hollow or boomy. Some fixed and adaptive feedback controllers have been suggested in order to reduce the occlusion-effect. More recently, a feedforward adaptive active-noise-control based strategy for unvented hearing aids was proposed. This paper presents a theoretical analysis of the convergence conditions for this canceller. This allows explicit analytical determination of its stability limits, providing an adequate setup of the algorithm parameters to achieve a priori performance requirements, such as convergence speed and sound quality. Design examples are presented, which validate the theoretical analysis and illustrate its practical application.

Effect of body mass index and fat mass on balance force platform measurements during a one-legged stance in older adults.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of body mass index (BMI) and fat mass on balance force platform measurements in older adults. The sample consisted of 257 participants who were stratified into four groups by BMI: low weight, normal weight, pre-obesity and obesity. For fat mass variables, older individuals were classified into low and high-fat mass. All groups investigated performed three trials of one-legged stance balance on a force platform. Center of pressure (COP) domain parameters were computed from the mean across trials. Analysis of variance results revealed no significant interactions for groups and sexes for all COP parameters. Comparable balance results were found for BMI and fat groups for all COP parameters. A statistical effect (P < 0.05) was only reported for sex differences for COP parameters, regardless of BMI and fat mass variables. Overall, women presented better balance than men. In conclusion, BMI and fat mass do not seem to influence the balance of older adults during a one-leg stance task.

A feed forward adaptive canceller to reduce the occlusion effect in hearing aids.

Hearing aids are essential devices for social integration of hearing impaired people in order to improve their auditory perception. Recent studies have reported significant dissatisfaction factors that tend to reduce their daily use. The occlusion effect is one important source of complaints. This phenomenon stems from the partial or complete closure of the ventilation opening of the ear-mould, usually performed to prevent feedback effects in high-gain devices. This work presents a new adaptive active-noise-control system to reduce the occlusion effect in small- or unvented hearing aids. In contrast to previously developed occlusion-effect cancellers, this system offers a feedforward cancelling structure that permits the analysis of its behaviour as a finite-impulse-response linear-filter identification problem. Deterministic recursive equations were derived with the aim to theoretically predict its mean square error and mean coefficient behaviour, both in transient and steady state conditions. Such models are of particular interest to hearing aid designers as guide tools for setting parameters to obtain a desired performance. Computational simulations accurately agree with theoretical predictions obtained by the derived equations, indicating a mean reduction of 5.4dB of the occlusion effect in the range of 200-500Hz. Subjective experiments with the use of a real prototype corroborate the functionality of the proposed architecture. No perceptual side effects regarding high-frequency amplifications of the original sounds were reported by volunteers.

Perception of the signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorder in females by using the ProTMDMulti protocol and the visual analog scale before and after acupuncture treatment.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the perceptions of patients with TMD in relation to the signs and symptoms before and after acupuncture treatment, according to the ProTMDMulti and the VAS. METHOD: 68 patients were divided into groups: muscle TMD treated with acupuncture at local points (MUS-LP), muscle TMD with acupuncture at distant points (MUS-DP), joint and muscle treated with LP (JOI-LP) and joint and muscle treated with DP (JOI-DP). The evaluations were performed at four times: initial, control, final and follow-up. RESULTS: The best results were seen in the JOI-LP and the MUS-DP groups, in which the perceptions of the signs and symptoms were statistically lower in the final assessment than in the initial (P<0.05). In all groups, the final and the follow-up evaluations were similar. CONCLUSIONS: For TMDs with joint components, the best acupuncture treatment involves local points and for the TMDs with muscle components, points at a distance.

Influence of the occlusion effect over the prediction-error feedback cancellation system in hearing aids.

This work presents a theoretical analysis of the prediction-error method-based adaptive feedback canceller in hearing aid applications. The studied scene takes into account the occlusion effect caused by the partial or complete closing of the ventilation opening. Such a situation may occur in high gain applications to avoid undesired whistling. Deterministic recursive equations and steady-state conditions were derived for the mean weight behaviour of the predictor and the adaptive filter. The expected theoretical predictions were compared to Monte Carlo simulations, showing very accurate agreement. The simulation results suggest the steady-state performance of this feedback canceller is not affected by the occlusion effect, however the occlusion is still perceived, being annoying to the user.

Use of GIS for the evaluation of heavy metal contamination in the Cunha Canal watershed and west of the Guanabara Bay, Rio de Janeiro, RJ.

The Cunha Canal watershed, which is located in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro, suffered severe environmental degradation in recent decades due to rapid urban population growth. However, this substantial growth did not result in social development; instead, it exacerbated existing environmental and social problems. This study aimed to evaluate the pollution of the Canal do Cunha and Guanabara Bay, using GIS for mapping based on the result of the heavy metal concentrations obtained by spectrometry (ICP-OES). The analyzed data were monitored at five collection points. Five heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Cu, Ni and Zn) were evaluated. The results showed that the waters of the Cunha Canal watershed and the west side of Guanabara Bay have been altered and degraded. The concentration of heavy metals in the water was lower than the concentration in the sediments. The behaviors of the studied metals differed during the rainy and dry periods.

A expressividade do cinema mudo na construção de significados / The expressivity on silent movies for the signification construction / La expresividad del cine mudo en la construcción de significados

Objetivo: analisar como a expressividade corporal e facial favorecem a construção de significados no filme Tempos Modernos. Métodos: pesquisa qualitativa, de caráter analítico. Foi analisada a expressividade do personagem Carlitos em três trechos do filme, que aconteceram em uma fábrica, nomeados como: início, descanso e aceleração do trabalho. Os trechos foram observados e discutidos pelo grupo de estudo e pesquisa ?A Voz e suas Interfaces?. Resultados: O primeiro momento analisado, início do trabalho na linha de produção, observou-se Carlitos com gestos mecânicos, postura rígida, ombros retraídos e lateralização de cabeça. Na expressividade corporal: tensão facial, olhos focados e cansados, lábios protruídos, elevação das sobrancelhas. A emoção revelada por sua expressividade foi surpresa. No segundo momento, durante seu descanso, permanece conforme todos os aspectos supracitados. Este dado enfatiza o cárater robotizado que sua função provoca no protagonista. No terceiro momento, em que há aceleração da esteira para aumentar a produção, o protagonista intensifica os gestos mecânicos para apertar as porcas, ao alongar o pescoço, com o movimento afirmativo de cabeça e elevação dos ombros. Apresenta expressão facial com tensão, olhos bem abertos e piscar constante, transmitindo as emoções de surpresa associada ao medo. Conclusão: No cinema mudo, o ator utiliza a expressividade corporal e facial para transmitir a emoção e o contexto sociopoliticocultural. Este estudo demonstra que, através da mídia, o fonoaudiólogo pode aperfeiçoar seus conhecimentos científicos quanto à expressividade e sua relação com as emoções humanas, favorecendo seu trabalho com os profissionais que utilizam esses meios para levar a mensagem.(AU)

Objective: analyze how the body and facial expressivity favours on the signification construction on the Charlie Chaplin?s Modern Times movie. Methods: qualitative and analytical research. It was analyzed the expressivity of the character Little Tramp in three parts of the movie, which happened in a factory, named as: starting, resting and work acceleration. The parts were discussed by the ?The Voice and its Interfaces? study and research group. Results: on the first moment analyzed, it was observed the Tramp presenting mechanical movements, rigid posture, retracted shoulders and lateral leaning of the head. For the body expressivity: facial tension, focused and tired eyes, protruded lips, elevated eyebrows. The emotion revealed by his expressivity was surprise. On the second moment, he remains exactly in the same way in all the aspects previously mentioned. This aspect emphasizes the robotic characteristic that his function provokes on him. On the third moment, the protagonist intensifies the mechanic gestures to tighten the nuts, extending the neck with a head affirmative movement and shoulders elevation. He shows facial expression of tension, wide opened eyes and constant blinking, transmitting the emotions of surprise associated to fear. Conclusion: in the silent movie, the actor uses the body and facial expressivity to transmit the emotion and the social, political and cultural context. This study shows that, through the media, the speech therapist can improve his scientific knowledge of expressivity and its relations with human emotions, improving his work with professionals that use these ways to carry on a message.(AU)

Objetivo: Analizar como la expresividad corporal y facial favorecen la construcción de significados en la película Tiempos Modernos. Métodos: Investigación cualitativa de carácter analítico. Se ha analizado la expresividad del personaje Carlitos en tres partes de la película, que ocurrieron en una fábrica, nombrados como: inicio, descanso y aceleración del trabajo. Las partes han sido observadas y discutidas por el grupo de estudio e investigación ?La Voz y sus Interfaces?. Resultados: En el primer momento analizado, se observó a Carlitos con gestos mecánicos, postura rígida, hombros retraídos y lateralización de cabeza. En la expresividad corporal: tensión facial, ojos concentrados y cansados, labios sobresalientes, elevación de las cejas. La emoción revelada por su expresividad fue sorpresa. En el segundo momento, durante su descanso, permanece exactamente igual, conforme todos los aspectos anteriormente mencionados. Este dato enfatiza el carácter robotizado que la función provoca al protagonista. En el tercer momento, cuando la estera se acelera para aumentar la producción, el protagonista intensifica los gestos mecánicos para apretar las tuercas, al alargar el cuello con el movimiento afirmativo de cabeza y elevación de los hombros. Presenta expresión facial con tensión, ojos bien abiertos y guiño constante, transmitiendo las emociones de sorpresa y miedo. Conclusión: En el cine mudo, el actor utiliza la expresividad corporal y facial para transmitir la emoción y el contexto socio-político-cultural. Este estudio demuestra que, a través de los medios de comunicación, el fonoaudiólogo puede perfeccionar sus conocimientos científicos en cuanto a la expresividad y su relación con las emociones humanas, favoreciendo su trabajo con los profesionales que utilizan esos medios para llevar su mensaje.(AU)

A expressividade do cinema mudo na construção de significados / The expressivity on silent movies for the signification construction / La expresividad del cine mudo en la construcción de significados

Objetivo: analisar como a expressividade corporal e facial favorecem a construção de significados no filme Tempos Modernos. Métodos: pesquisa qualitativa, de caráter analítico. Foi analisada a expressividade do personagem Carlitos em três trechos do filme, que aconteceram em uma fábrica, nomeados como: início, descanso e aceleração do trabalho. Os trechos foram observados e discutidos pelo grupo de estudo e pesquisa ?A Voz e suas Interfaces?. Resultados: O primeiro momento analisado, início do trabalho na linha de produção, observou-se Carlitos com gestos mecânicos, postura rígida, ombros retraídos e lateralização de cabeça. Na expressividade corporal: tensão facial, olhos focados e cansados, lábios protruídos, elevação das sobrancelhas. A emoção revelada por sua expressividade foi surpresa. No segundo momento, durante seu descanso, permanece conforme todos os aspectos supracitados. Este dado enfatiza o cárater robotizado que sua função provoca no protagonista. No terceiro momento, em que há aceleração da esteira para aumentar a produção, o protagonista intensifica os gestos mecânicos para apertar as porcas, ao alongar o pescoço, com o movimento afirmativo de cabeça e elevação dos ombros. Apresenta expressão facial com tensão, olhos bem abertos e piscar constante, transmitindo as emoções de surpresa associada ao medo. Conclusão: No cinema mudo, o ator utiliza a expressividade corporal e facial para transmitir a emoção e o contexto sociopoliticocultural. Este estudo demonstra que, através da mídia, o fonoaudiólogo pode aperfeiçoar seus conhecimentos científicos quanto à expressividade e sua relação com as emoções humanas, favorecendo seu trabalho com os profissionais que utilizam esses meios para levar a mensagem.

Objective: analyze how the body and facial expressivity favours on the signification construction on the Charlie Chaplin?s Modern Times movie. Methods: qualitative and analytical research. It was analyzed the expressivity of the character Little Tramp in three parts of the movie, which happened in a factory, named as: starting, resting and work acceleration. The parts were discussed by the ?The Voice and its Interfaces? study and research group. Results: on the first moment analyzed, it was observed the Tramp presenting mechanical movements, rigid posture, retracted shoulders and lateral leaning of the head. For the body expressivity: facial tension, focused and tired eyes, protruded lips, elevated eyebrows. The emotion revealed by his expressivity was surprise. On the second moment, he remains exactly in the same way in all the aspects previously mentioned. This aspect emphasizes the robotic characteristic that his function provokes on him. On the third moment, the protagonist intensifies the mechanic gestures to tighten the nuts, extending the neck with a head affirmative movement and shoulders elevation. He shows facial expression of tension, wide opened eyes and constant blinking, transmitting the emotions of surprise associated to fear. Conclusion: in the silent movie, the actor uses the body and facial expressivity to transmit the emotion and the social, political and cultural context. This study shows that, through the media, the speech therapist can improve his scientific knowledge of expressivity and its relations with human emotions, improving his work with professionals that use these ways to carry on a message.

Objetivo: Analizar como la expresividad corporal y facial favorecen la construcción de significados en la película Tiempos Modernos. Métodos: Investigación cualitativa de carácter analítico. Se ha analizado la expresividad del personaje Carlitos en tres partes de la película, que ocurrieron en una fábrica, nombrados como: inicio, descanso y aceleración del trabajo. Las partes han sido observadas y discutidas por el grupo de estudio e investigación ?La Voz y sus Interfaces?. Resultados: En el primer momento analizado, se observó a Carlitos con gestos mecánicos, postura rígida, hombros retraídos y lateralización de cabeza. En la expresividad corporal: tensión facial, ojos concentrados y cansados, labios sobresalientes, elevación de las cejas. La emoción revelada por su expresividad fue sorpresa. En el segundo momento, durante su descanso, permanece exactamente igual, conforme todos los aspectos anteriormente mencionados. Este dato enfatiza el carácter robotizado que la función provoca al protagonista. En el tercer momento, cuando la estera se acelera para aumentar la producción, el protagonista intensifica los gestos mecánicos para apretar las tuercas, al alargar el cuello con el movimiento afirmativo de cabeza y elevación de los hombros. Presenta expresión facial con tensión, ojos bien abiertos y guiño constante, transmitiendo las emociones de sorpresa y miedo. Conclusión: En el cine mudo, el actor utiliza la expresividad corporal y facial para transmitir la emoción y el contexto socio-político-cultural. Este estudio demuestra que, a través de los medios de comunicación, el fonoaudiólogo puede perfeccionar sus conocimientos científicos en cuanto a la expresividad y su relación con las emociones humanas, favoreciendo su trabajo con los profesionales que utilizan esos medios para llevar su mensaje.

Radioactive characterization of phosphogypsum from Imbituba, Brazil.

This research aims to characterize the content of natural occurring radionuclides in phosphogypsum stacks at Imbituba, Santa Catarina state, Brazil. (226)Ra, (228)Ra, (40)K, (238)U and (232)Th were determined in PG, soils and sediment samples by gamma spectrometry using the hyper pure germanium detector and neutron activation. The migration of radionuclides in the phosphogypsum profile did not show the same behavior for all sampling sites. The mean activity concentration of (226)Ra was 95 Bq kg(-1), which is far below the limit recommended by the U.S. Environmental Agency (USEPA) for its application in agriculture (370 Bq kg(-1)) and the Brazilian Commission of Nuclear Energy Resolution 113 that established a reference level of 1000 Bq kg(-1) of (226)Ra or (228)Ra for the use of PG in agriculture as well as building materials.

Does low intensity laser therapy reduce pain and change orofacial myofunctional conditions?

Due to its multifactorial pain aspects, combined therapies are required for the the comprehensive management of temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD). Interdisciplinary forms of therapies, such as laser therapy, and health care or medical professionals, such as speech therapists, have been proposed for this comprehensive management. The aims of this study were the following: 1. verify whether low-intensity laser therapy would promote significant pain remission; 2. evaluate whether this changes orofacial myofunctional conditions in the sample, as tested, using the Orofacial Myofunctional Evaluation with Scores (OMES); and 3. evaluate whether or not the pain improvement would remain stable after a 30-day follow-up for pain conditions. The study included 12 female volunteers diagnosed with myofascial pain and ages ranging from 18 to 60 years old, with or without intra-articular TMD, according to axis I of the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD). Participants were assessed for pain on palpation, using a visual analogue scale (VAS), before treatment (A1), immediately after 30 days of intervention, i.e, after eight sessions of Low Intensity Laser Therapy (LILT) (A2), and 30 days after the end of the treatment with LILT (A3) (follow-up). Comparing the three evaluation times, it was observed that there was a significant decrease in the values of subjective pain to palpation (p < 0.05). The initial pain (A1) differed significantly from the A2, but did not differ significantly from A3.

Cardiovascular fitness and cardiovascular risk factors among obese men and women aged 58 years and older, in Portugal.

BACKGROUND: A better physical fitness may have survival advantages in adults. AIM: To analyze the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiovascular risk factors among obese subjects aged 58 years and older. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Cardiorespiratory fitness using the six-minute walk test, body composition by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and blood pressure were measured in a non-representative sample of 76 obese Portuguese subjects aged 58 to 87 years (55 women). Participants were stratified in tertiles of walking capacity according to the six-minute walk test. RESULTS: Six minutes walk test results were negatively correlated with percentage body fat (r = -0.28; p = 0.012) and systolic blood pressure (r = -0.23; p = 0.045). Participants located in the lowest tertile for the six minutes walk test had an odds ratio of 4.34 (95% confidence intervals: 1.02-18.43) for elevated blood pressure. CONCLUSIONS: A lower six minutes walk test result is associated with a higher risk for high blood pressure.

A visita médica domiciliar como espaço para interação e comunicação em Florianópolis, SC / The medical home visit as a space for interaction and communication in Florianópolis - Santa Catarina / La visita médica domiciliaria como espacio para interacción y comunicación en Florianópolis, estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil

Este artigo discute a visita médica domiciliar, com base em pesquisa realizada no município de Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, tendo como cenário a Estratégia Saúde da Família. O objetivo principal foi compreender como a visita domiciliar impacta a prática médica, com relação a mudanças na qualidade da interação entre o profissional, o paciente e sua família. Adotou-se metodologia qualitativa, com triangulação de técnicas, combinando entrevistas, observação participante e leitura de documentos. Percebeu-se que a visita domiciliar estimula a interação, por favorecer uma comunicação voltada ao entendimento mútuo, facilitando ao profissional compor a busca da eficácia técnica (êxito técnico) com a compreensão e foco nos projetos de felicidade dos pacientes e familiares (sucesso prático).

This paper discusses the medical home visit based on research carried out in the municipality of Florianópolis, state of Santa Catarina (Southern Brazil), in the context of the Family Health Strategy. The main objective was to understand how the home visit impacts on medical practice, regarding changes in the quality of the interaction between the professional, the patient and his family. Qualitative methodology was adopted along with triangulation techniques, which combined interviews, participant observation and the reading of documents. It was noticed that the home visit encourages interaction by promoting communication oriented towards mutual understanding. Thus, the professional can strive to have technical efficiency (technical success) combined with the understanding and focus on projects of happiness of patients and family members (practical success).

Este artículo discute la visita médica domiciliaria sobre la base de una investigación efectuada en la municipalidad de Florianópolis, teniendo como escenario a la Estrategia Salud de la Familia. El objetivo principal fue entender como la visita domiciliaria impacta la práctica médica, enfocando cambios en la calidad de la interacción entre el profesional, el paciente y su familia. Fue adoptada la metodología cualitativa, con triangulación de técnicas, combinando entrevistas, observación participante y lectura de documentos. Se observó que la visita domiciliaria fomenta la interacción por promover una comunicación dirigida al entendimiento mutuo, lo que facilita la composición profesional de conductas que buscan la eficacia técnica (éxito técnico) con el entendimiento y se centran en proyectos de felicidad de los pacientes y familiares (éxito en la práctica).